Nmea sentences example pdf. if. Each NMEA sentence begins with a '$' followed by a two-letter prefix identifying the type of sending device (for example 'GP', 'GL' or ‘GN’), followed by a sequence of letters that define the type of Identify the Structure of NMEA Sentence and Create the Parser Function. 01 (January 1, 2002) standard with implementation specifics as noted below. It features an NMEA 2000 to NMEA 0183 converter with a wide support of message types. The NMEA standard is proprietary and sells for at least US$2000 (except for members of the NMEA) as of September 2020. Stream data directly from a hardware byte stream; Read log files, even if they are cluttered with other unrelated data. using a special code. Int64 and nmea. from publication: Time Synchronization for Wireless Sensors Using Low-Cost GPS Module and Arduino | Time synchronization for wireless These NMEA-0183 messages let external devices use selected data collected or computed by the GNSS receiver. 7. Another characteristic of the NMEA 0183 messaging protocol is that it uses the RS-422 electrical standard , although it is also compatible with the RS-232 opencpn:manual_basic:nmea0183. 3381581370–now the new information! All messages follow the NMEA-0183 Version 2. Jun 21, 2023 · The NMEA 0183 is a simple messaging protocol where data in this messaging protocol is transmitted in ASCII strings or "sentences" from one "talker" to multiple "listeners" at a time. It has been updated fromtime to time; the latest release, currently (August 2001) Version 3. The following information describes the most common NMEA-0183 sentences transmitted by GPS receivers. So I took Edoardo De Marchi's code from 2014 and hacked it until it was working on newer hardware. GPS units spit out data in a dizzying array of formats. HEADING SENSORS: Compass, M agnetic . 00,A,D*7A Jun 1, 2019 · Then, you must instantiate a parser as follows: NMEAParser< 4 > parser; The 4 is the maximum number of handlers desired, parser is the name of the object that will allow the analysis of NMEA sentences. Examples might include dual-frequency depthsounding equipment or equipment that integrates data from a number of sources and produces a single output. The NMEA standard provides quite a range of sentences, but many relate to non-GPS devices and some others are GPS related but rarely used. Both nmea. Eric S. 10 standard except for talker ID of RMC, GGA and VTG sentences, which uses Qualcomm-specific standards. NMEA 0183 evolved from the earlier standards (NMEA 0180 and 0182). The AS00 has an NMEA 2000 input and an NMEA 0183 output port. 0+ device 10 Case (2): Single ended NMEA interface devices 10 Connecting a computer to an NMEA 0183 network 11 Recommended method for connecting a PC to an NMEA 0183 Network 11 Testing an NMEA 0183 computer connection with Actisense NMEA Reader 12 Example data using an Actisense talker device 12 NMEA standard sentence structure. 1SID 2Source 3 Reserved Bits 4Date 5Time 126996 Product Information Field # Field Description. The GGA sentence shows an example that provides essential fix data. com support site www. To connect the chartplotter to optional NMEA 0183 devices, see the chartplotter installation instructions. Field. However, because they differ in baud rate and transmission parameters, they are If the calculated voltage drop exceeds 3. nuova marea ltd marine electronics & design Address: 26 Mirtidiotissis str, Kastella, 18533 Piraeus, Greece Tel. See below for examples: MWD (Wind Direction and Speed) MWD can carry any or all: Wind Direction True, Wind Direction Magnetic, Wind Speed in knots, Wind Speed km/hr MWV (Wind Speed and Angle) MWV will carry either Relative or Theoretical (Apparent or True) wind data. nysgis. Dec 7, 2011 · General Sentence Format of NMEA 0183. Comparing the information from this log to that in the GPGSA log shows if the receiver is tracking all available satellites. 210. 3 (and later) in this NMEA message description. View PDF. RxD (Receiver) pin is used for serial communication. org. TxD (Transmitter) pin is used for serial communication. Dec 10, 2013 · NMEA messages should never be anywhere near this long, so hitting this limit means that you aren’t receiving NMEA data. NMEA 0183 is a proprietary protocol issued by the National Marine Electronics Association for use in boat navigation and control systems. NMEA 0183 Sentences Not Recommended for New Designs, Approved by the NMEA 0183 Standard Committee as of October 1, 2008. 0, July 2001, is available from theNMEA office (Warning: the price for non-members is 250 US$). Common used standard sentences are supported 'from the box'. NMEA 0183 standard uses a text-based (ASCII) serial communications protocol. nuovamarea. Speed units, Knots (N) or Kilometre per hour (K) 9. Introduction to GPS - best paperback edition (full) Rahul Ratnam. It has been defined and is controlled by the National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA). Case (1): Standard differential NMEA 0183 v2. Communication runs at 250 kilobits-per-second and allows any sensor to talk to any display unit or other device compatible with NMEA 2000 protocols. These messages consist of sentences with data transmitted from a single talker to one or more listeners. P O Box 3435New Bern NC 28564-3435USAwww. The Canboat Project has good NMEA 2000 information about Reverse Engineering this protocol. Thus a PGN in N2k corresponds to a NMEA sentence in 0183. Many older libraries assume 9600. UBX protocol and NMEA at the same time) to a single port (multi-protocol capability), which is particularly useful for Oct 27, 2005 · The 6-bit encoded part of a VDM sentence is simply a bitstream, packed. Jan 7, 2021 · NMEA 2000 PGN’s deciphered. It is primarily intended to help people understand GPS reports. Date, Descriptions. Commands start with a dollar-sign (“$”), followed by “PUNV”, and a comma (“,”). Start with confirming the module works in U-Center, and know the baud rate. NMEA sentences: examples GLL - Geographic Latitude and Longitude Some units do not report negative altitudes at all, which is a shame, because this is the only Aug 23, 2012 · Since all GPS's output NMEA sentences and often for our projects we need to extract the actual data from them, we've simplified the task tremendously when using the Adafruit GPS library. In case multiple sentences provide the same data, there are listed by priority (higher priority first). The default NMEA sentences of the modules are compliant with the NMEA 0183 version 4. 1. For example UBX-CFG-MSG enabling UBX-RXM-RAW on the current interface. A checksum is required on some sentence. Only printable ASCII characters are allowed, plus CR (carriage return) and LF (line feed). Below is the list of NMEA2000 sentences supported by TimeZero as input. The string is mostly used by AirMar to report dual frequency depths, since there is no other NMEA0183 message that supports dual frequency depths. The input port can acquire NMEA-0183 sentences carried in TTL, RS-232 and RS-485/422 signal levels. NMEA consists of sentences, the first word of which, called a data type, defines the interpretation of the rest of the sentence. Navigation applications only focus on the NMEA-0183 protocol defined in the GGA, GLL, GSA, GSV, RMC and VTG these five statements, in order to facilitate the description, we more commonly used GGA and RMC these two statements as an example to introduce the analysis of GPS NMEA sentence reader for Nucleo boards. you can of course use the name you want. - Apparent Wind Angle Feb 6, 2024 · While NMEA 0183 only defines an RS-422 transport, there also exists a de facto standard in which the sentences from NMEA0183 are placed in UDP datagrams (one sentence per packet) and sent over an IP network. Prefix Sentence Characters for Sources -NMEA0183 Manufacturer's Mnemonic Codes. Orion NMEA messages conform to the NMEA-0183 Ver. Each Data type would have its own unique interpretation and is defined in the NMEA standard. Meaning. These sentences consist of printable ASCII text (plus carriage return and line feed). 0+ device 10 Case (2): Single ended NMEA interface devices 10 Connecting a computer to your NMEA 0183 system 11 Recommend method of connection of a PC to an NMEA 0183 data bus 11 Testing an NMEA 0183 computer connection with ‘HyperTerminal’ 12 Example data using an Actisense talker device 12 1. The NMEA 0183 standard is a purely digital data transmission method. Paste the data into the Parsing field here. - Air Temperature: PGN_130310; PGN_130311_PressureAndAirTemperature; PGN_130312_AirTemperature. To provide synchronism for measurement data. Feb 28, 2020 · This issue has not totally gone away with N2k, but it is much reduced in the new system of data specification. Sentences also end with an asterisk (*) followed by two characters. Table 1-3 contains the values for the following example: Case (1): Standard differential NMEA 0183 v2. GPS Feb 4, 2023 · The matching parsing methods are (*Parser). 3) After enabling <nmeasrc> by AT+QGPSCFG, you can acquire the specified NMEA sentence by NOTE – The heading computation in this message is derived from consecutive positions. Poola Nagesh. Float64 contains a numeric field Value which is defined only if the field Valid is true. 中間エクスパンダを使うことで、トーカーは There is a provision for a checksum at the end of each sentence which may or may not be checked by the unit that reads the data. Unfortunately, it costs money and is not redistributable. All NMEA sentences start with the “$” sign and end with Carriage Return (CR) and NMEA 0183. Nov 15, 2022 · The older version, NMEA 0183, allowed a GPS or chartplotter to send steering commands to the autopilot, for example, but this was a one-way street; one device talking and the other listening. Field # Field Description The purpose of this PGN is twofold: To provide a regular transmission of UTC time and date. You'd need to turn off all the messages you don't want, and turn on the ones you want. Splitting the data: When processing the sentence, the NMEA Online Checksum Calculator Github NMEA Checksum code NMEA in Supplementary Software Other References Explanation of NMEA sentences as used in GPS receivers Prefix Sentence Characters for Sources -NMEA0183 Manufacturer's Mnemonic Codes NMEA 0183 Sentences Not Recommended for New Designs, Approved by the NMEA 0183 Standard The NMEA 0183 standard defines sentences that are used to transmit data. The MiniPlex will output this sentence with Talker ID “MX”. it is a bit confusing at first. Each character represents 6 bits of data from. The messages are enabled/disable via UBX-CFG-MSG. The figure below is an example of the NMEA sentence settings section and the table below provides information on the fields contained in that section: 1) NMEA sentences output to "usbnmea" port by default, you can read the port to obtain NMEA sentences. It provides an easy way to link NMEA 2000 devices to an older NMEA 0183 listener device (e. Oct 17, 2023 · The NMEA sentence settings section provides the possibility to configure which NMEA sentences will be forwarded or collected and at what frequency. 01 ----- 4 actual components and devices used, including connector type and part number. 2019 •. The Checksum: The next thing you'll notice is that all NMEA sentences start with a dollar sign ($) indicating the start of a message. Using a binary format of ‘1’ and ‘0’, to communicate a digital representation of the required data to a connected device. Here are the NMEA-standard sentences. and date of update of the standard for which compliance is assured. Each bus shall have only a single TALKER but may have multiple LISTENERs. 2 Checksum values choice between NMEA 2. B5 62 06 01 03 00 02 10 01 1D 66. Below are some examples. It has been updated from time to time; the latest release, currently (August 2001) Version 3. Specific sentence formats are common to both NMEA 0183 and NMEA 0183-HS and are defined in NMEA 0183. Position data: position fix, time of position fix, and status. NMEA 0183 Version 3. us Glossary of GPS Terminology Autonomous Positioning The least precise form of positioning that a GPS receiver can produce. System ID based on: GPS. Expand Post. Copy all the data under the --- line starting from the $ symbol below. For example, let us consider an example sentence with Message ID, SSS. The GGA sentence (shown below) shows an example that provides essential fix data. You need to identify the structure of the NMEA sentence, as defined in the specification, and use that information to define the structure of output data to be used in the nmeaParser System object. More complex configuration: Here we have Simrad autopilot with 2 serial ports, Airmar heading sensor and NAIS AIS transceiver. NMEA sentences NMEA consists of sentences, the first word of which, called a data type, defines the interpretation of the rest of the sentence. The GPGSV log can be used to determine which GPS satellites are currently available to the receiver. CRC Checksum of NMEA data. In such a case, you may need to use heavy cable for the backbone (heavy cable has a lower resistance of 1. 0236–message was sent at 0236-UTC. The most comprehensive non-restricted source of information about NMEA-0183 that I am aware of is found at NMEA Revealed but this reference is silent on the details of NMEA-0183 sentences DSC and DSE. ny. This repository is a supported version of a library I posted back in 2011 at CodeProject. It contains information about position, elevation, time, number of satellites used, fix type, and correction age. Each Data type would have its own unique interpretation and is defined in the NMEA standard. NMEA 2000 PGN. NullInt64 and (*Parser). Use putty for example. This sentence is transmitted before each individual sentence where there is a need for the Listener to determine the exact source of data in the system. , chart plotter or voyage data recorder). NMEA Sentences National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) Format •NMEA is format to output measurement data from a sensor in a pre-defined format in ASCII •In the case of GPS, It outputs GPS position, velocity, time and satellite related data •NMEA sentences (output) begins with a “Talker ID” and “Message Description” Jan 6, 2020 · The basic benefits or uses of a NMEA 2000 network are: NMEA 2000 connects all the different devices on the boat and thus helps you to get what you want in a split second. Nov 10, 2015 · This is a list of NMEA 0183 sentences with field descriptions. 00. The speed of the NMEA 2000 bus is 250 kbit/s and it enables sensors and displays and any other NMEA 2000 compatible GNSS receivers are part of this standard and the NMEA has defined the format for several GNSS data logs otherwise known as 'sentences'. Data fields follow comma (,) delimiters and are variable in length. This is all defined in m. Raymond. In setup you configure your parser as you wish using the following functions. NMEA Sentences Type The NMEA sentences are compliant with NMEA 0183 standard, and the standard NMEA sentences have five kinds of prefix, as illustrated below. Because early GPS sensors were designed for compatibility with these systems, GPS reporting protocols are often a small subset of NMEA 0183 or mutated from Explanation of NMEA sentences as used in GPS receivers. NMEA Communication Protocols. Each sentence consists of the following data sequence: A $ always starts an NMEA 0183 sentence. In NMEA0183, the XDR sentence is defined as "Transducer Measurement". 10 is selected, the 7th and 8th fields become: Field. Flexible. The approved NMEA 0183 sentences for the Jan 30, 2023 · Data display is the visual process of parsing out ASCII strings with a specific meaning into intuitive numbers or graphs. Nagesh Poola. SiRF Control sentences: PSRF100, PSRF103; GPS Fix class to manage and organize all the GPS related data. h) The Version No. See below example for a modified VTG sentence parser: package main. The official NMEA standard was not consulted at any point, thus this document is not a NMEA 0183 protocol support library. A two-letter talker ID—for example, GP for global positioning system (GPS) receiver, GN Nov 9, 2011 · Introduction. net (c) nuova marea ltd We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Download Free PDF. H contains the NMEA version defines. LESSON 24: Understanding GPS NMEA Sentences. The connections are as follows: GND is the ground pin and needs to be connected to the GND pin on the Arduino. nmea. $--STN,xx NMEA 0183 is a voluntary industry standard, first released in March of 1983. Open the serial monitor. com >. When sent to the MiniPlex, the Talker ID is ignored unless a Filter Rule exists for this sentence. The file NMEA_SIF. It starts with the message ID (6 bits), repeat (2 bits), MMSI (30 bits), etc. May 10, 2020 · Introduction: The NMEA GGA sentence is one of the most common sentences used with GPS receivers. In this example we listen for seatalk converter, Furuno GPS and net. NMEA-0183 messages always: • begin with a dollar sign ($) followed by a talker ID code (for example, GP) and a message ID code (for example, ZDA) • end with a carriage return and line feed 22. The checksum field consists of a '*' and two hex digits representing an 8 bit exclusive OR of all characters between, but not including, the '$' and '*'. Some NMEA sentences have alternate formats, and may omit certain data fields. There are sorted by the type of data they provide. It supports the conversion of most NMEA 2000 PGNs and is NEO-6M GPS Module Pinout. For heading using a moving baseline system, see NMEA-0183 message: PTNL,AVR. By having the library read, store and parse the data in a background interrupt it becomes trivial to query the library and get the latest updated information NMEA Generation of "standard" and custom sentences. state. GPS/GNSS peripherals communicate by sending semi-standardized sentences that have a prefix tag that describes their type, and data encoded in them NMEA Messages. Format: $--PGN,pppppp,aaaa,c--c*hh<CR><LF> pppppp: PGN of the NMEA 2000 message, 3 byte hexadecimal number. The figure below is an example of the NMEA sentence settings section and the table below provides information on the fields contained in that section: This sentence transports NMEA 2000 Single Frame messages over NMEA 0183. It may originally have been redacted from the document cited as [NMEA200]; see the list of sources at the end of this document. 4134698, Fax: +30. Thanks! VWR - Relative (Apparent) Wind Speed and Angle NMEA 0183 Sentences Not Recommended for New Designs Approved by the NMEA 0183 Standard Committee as of October 1, 2008 Wind angle in relation to the vessel's heading and wind speed measured relative to the moving vessel. The document also includes a list of all NMEA0183 sentences supported in Hydromagic. GPS Glossary. I had a lot of trouble getting other GPS examples to work. Each sentence contains various bits of data that are separated by commas. 88008971,N,10506. Individual satellite system Talker Identifiers are only used when the data in the sentence is produced from a single Navigation Satellite System. All begin with $ and end with a carriage return and a line feed. 75318910,W,034138. These messages can be setup on RV-M6, RV-M8, RV-M50, and all Tech Series data radios with the GPS (G)feature. NMEA 0183 is a combined electrical and data specification for communication between marine electronic devices such as echo sounder, sonars, anemometer, gyrocompass, autopilot, GPS receivers, and many other types of instruments. All messages conform to the NMEA-0183 version 3. The NMEA 0183 is a messaging protocol standard. . 61 ohms per 100 meters). Phone: 518-474-5212 Fax: 518-473-5848 www. Aug 1, 2014 · August 1, 2014 admin. The description and notes in sentence definitions provide guidance on the use of Navigation Satellite System Receiver Talker Identifiers when required. How to log and stream data in NMEA or SBF format with GNSS/INS receivers; Which NMEA sentences are supported by Septentrio receivers? How to set up a base station – Chapter 5: Configuring the output of differential corrections; Why is the height reported by NMEA GGA different from the expected value? Handling NMEA0183 XDR sentences in Hydromagic. 30". 20 and 3. We normally recommend the use of NMEA mode for new GPS applications to give maximum compatibility with The GPS/GNSS NMEA processing library is a set of classes that makes parsing and decoding NMEA Sentences from Global Positioning System (GPS)/Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers easy. For GPS sentences, the prefix is "GP", as below: GPGGA – Global positioning system fix data, such as time and position GPRMC – Recommended minimum specific GNSS data 8. The command text (which is defined in section 4) comes next, followed by an asterisk (“*”), two-digit hexadecimal checksum NMEA) can be assigned to several ports at the same time (multi-port capability) with individual settings (e. NullFloat64. 2. It can become a challenge to take the output from a GPS unit, like the Adafruit Ultimate GPS breakout board, and get that data to play nicely with mapping programs like Google earth. If NMEA-0183 version 4. NMEA Sentences Type The NMEA sentences are compatible with NMEA-0183 Protocol, and all of the standard NMEA sentences have four kinds of prefix. < esr@thyrsus. 0, July 2001, is available from the NMEA office (Warning: the price for non-members is 250 US$). NMEA Revealed. ZDA - Time and Date. ctrlTcpPort is a tcp port number control connections. The library is able to parse and build any NMEA0183-sentences. Mar 1, 2021 · The NMEA 0183 Sentences/Sentence coded are listed on the NMEA website. 4134814 website www. 0V, then you need to get a trained NMEA 2000 technician to look at your network design and perform a more detailed calculation. This example also demonstrates how to overwrite the processNMEA function so that you can direct the incoming NMEA characters from the u-blox module to any library, display, radio, etc that you prefer. Generating and loading NMEA files After drawing the desired path, you can generate a file containing a sequence of NMEA ( GGA , GSA and RMC ) sentences representing the path drawn. baud rate, messages enabled, etc. Download scientific diagram | | Examples of NMEA sentences. | Follow the links for the Talker ID's and Mnemonics lists. It is even possible to assign more than one protocol (e. See also the Note in the GPGGA log that applies to all NMEA logs. in 2000, that is essentially NMEA 0183. NMEA 0183 Sentence Structure The NMEA 0 83 protocol covers a broad array of navigation data. All Seatalk and Furuno sentences are broadcasted to net. If anyone has information about those two sentences that they can share, I would appreciate hearing from you. GLONASS. Easily hook into the parser to handle custom sentences and The chartplotters support the NMEA ® 0183 standard, which is used to connect various NMEA 0183 devices, such as VHF radios, NMEA instruments, autopilots, wind sensors, and heading sensors. P O Box 3435 New Bern NC 28564-3435 USA www. 0x00 ot 0x3F. 1 format, in which symbols and delimiters identify or separate the message data. The entire protocol encompasses over 50 sentences, but only a subset of the sentences apply to a GPS receiver like the Trimble unit on the PCM-GPS. GGA —Global Positioning System Fixed Data Note – Fields marked in italic red apply only to NMEA version 2. 4134628, +30. This array of information is separated into discrete sentences which convey a specific set of data. 01 format. Nov 1, 2014 · NMEA 0183 is a voluntary industry standard, first released in March of 1983. ) for each port. An example of the GLL message string is: $GPGLL,3953. It is as if no one is speaking the same The checksum data, always begins with *. NMEA messages are in many different formats and structures, so this Jul 19, 2021 · The NMEA sentence settings section provides the possibility to configure which NMEA sentences will be forwarded or collected and at what frequency. Each sentence starts with a "$" sign and ends with <CR><LF>. 4. Now, with NMEA 2000, digital signals can go in two directions simultaneously, with the result that each onboard device can talk to as many as 50 other NMEA 2000, abbreviated to NMEA2k or N2K and standardized as IEC 61162-3, is a plug-and-play communications standard used for connecting marine sensors and display units within ships and boats. NMEA2000 library for C++ Timo Lappalainen's library supports Actisense, which is used widely in NMEA2000 related open source projects. [IEC] says "is closely aligned with NMEA 0183 version 2. NMEA 2000 (standardized as IEC 61162-3), abbreviated NMEA2k or N2K, is a plug-and-play communications standard, which is used on boats and ships to connect together devices, displays and sensors. The GGA sentence (shown below) shows an example that provides essential fix data. 00–preferred follow-on communication by frequency- or phase-modulated simplex radio telephony. Each satellite system uses distinct prefixes, so that NMEA sentences of different satellite systems can be easily distinguished, as is illustrated below. 56. 0+ device 10 Case (2): Single ended NMEA interface devices 10 Connecting a computer to your NMEA 0183 system 11 Recommend method of connection of a PC to an NMEA 0183 data bus 11 Testing an NMEA 0183 computer connection with ‘HyperTerminal’ 12 Example data using an Actisense talker device 12 www. The NMEA 0183-HS standard defines electrical signal requirements, data transmission protocol, and timing for a 38. Below is an example of a GGA sentence with the data part highlighted in green. NMEA 0183は、単純な ASCII の シリアル通信 プロトコルであり、データがどのように、1つの「トーカー (talker)」から複数の「リスナー (listener)」へと同時に「センテンス (sentence)」の形で送信されるかを定めている。. 2) You can use AT+QGPSLOC to obtain some positioning information directly, such as latitude, longitude, height, time and positioning type and so on . The NEO-6M GPS module has a total of 4 pins that connect it to the outside world. NMEA 2000 Shares all the information between devices so the user (you) can access information from multiple devices on one display. HC Feb 25, 2023 · @UserMacUseface just shared those insights on this topic. The GPS receiver inside the radio modem will output various NMEA messages from its serial port to the radio, and the radio modem may pass along this NMEA message data. For GPS sentences, the prefix is “GP”, as below: GPGGA - Global positioning system fix data, such as time, position, etc. An overview of most used NMEA0183 sentences with meaning of the various fields. 1423108312–position, which 42-degrees 31-minutes latitude, 083-degrees 12-minutes longitude, in North and West. N2k does not use 0183 text sentences, but instead uses hexadecimal data messages identified by their Parameter Group Number (PGN). Structure. g. 4K-baud serial data bus. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. There are three basic kinds of sentences: talker sentences , proprietary sentences and query sentences. K. 3. Nov 22, 2018 · To get the module to dump our data once logged, we can use the following method: Upload the following sketch, File > Examples > Adafruit_GPS > locus_dump to your Arduino. All data is transmitted in the form of sentences . GPRMC - Recommended minimum data As an example, increasing the GPS frequency by a factor of 10 means all speeds will be increased by a factor of 10 as well. NMEA 0183 is a combined electrical and data specification for communication between marine electronics such as echo sounder, sonars, anemometer, gyrocompass, autopilot, GPS receivers and many other types of instruments. Example1: Read NMEA sentences over I 2 C using u-blox module SAM-M8Q, NEO-M8P, etc Example2: Parse NMEA sentences using MicroNMEA library. The names are listed without the "talker ID", a two-character prefix that identifies the type of the transmitting unit. 1371 and 61993-2, eve. : +30. na ww ue ka fo et ce ip kf xs